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Epistasis

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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

Universal acquired melanosis in siblings.

Snehansu Chakraborti¹, Tarak Nath Ghosh, Shankha Subhra Nag

¹Department of Pediatrics, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India. drsnehansu.bmch11@gmail.com

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|October 7, 2011

Summary

Generalized hyperpigmentation in children can indicate various conditions. This study details a rare sibling case of universal acquired melanosis, also known as carbon baby syndrome, with specific skin histology findings.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Dermatology
Genetics and Rare Diseases

Background:

Generalized hyperpigmentation in children necessitates accurate diagnosis through clinical and histological evaluation.
Differentiating between various causes of childhood hyperpigmentation is crucial for appropriate management.

Observation:

A rare case of progressive hyperpigmentation in siblings, beginning around 6 months of age.
Clinical presentation of generalized, acquired hypermelanosis.

Findings:

Histological examination revealed shortened and blunted rete ridges.
Presence of melanocytes confirmed in the stratum basal layer, consistent with hypermelanosis.

Implications:

This report describes the first sibling case of universal acquired melanosis (carbon baby syndrome).
Highlights the importance of histological correlation in diagnosing rare pediatric hyperpigmentation disorders.
Contributes to the understanding of genetic or familial predispositions in rare melanosis conditions.