[Comparison of current proctological diagnostic studies]

The proctological investigation is explained, and the importance of the digital examination is stressed. Modern techniques do not alter the traditional examination but give more information on specific questions. Endosonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging help a great deal in tumor investigation. Endosonography is especially helpful in the definition of tumor extension, judgement of the anastomosis and rectal wall and lymph node involvement. Computer tomography permits to detect infiltration in the bone, and magnetic resonance imaging a precise tumor extension because of the multiplanar image. The distinction between recurrent tumor and postoperative fibrosis is possible by the latter and endosonography.