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Updated: May 28, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
Published on: January 21, 2020
What is evidence-based dentistry, and do oral infections increase systemic morbidity or mortality?
Richard Niederman1, Derek Richards
1Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. rniederman1@gmail.com
Abstract:
From Celsus' first reports of rubor, calor, dolor, tumor, and functio laesa, has come an understanding of inflammation's manifestations at the organ, tissue, vascular, cellular, genetic, and molecular levels. Molecular medicine now raises the opposite question: can local oral infections and their inflammatory mediators increase systemic morbidity or mortality? From these perspectives we examine the clinical evidence relating caries, periodontal disease, and pericoronitis to systemic disease. Widespread affirmation of an oral-systemic linkage remains elusive, raising sobering cautions.
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