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Transmission of mumps virus from mumps-vaccinated individuals to close contacts

Ewout B Fanoy1, Jeroen Cremer, José A Ferreira

  • 1Municipal Health Service "Midden-Nederland", Zeist, The Netherlands.

Vaccine
|October 11, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Even vaccinated individuals can transmit mumps virus, though at lower levels. This study found a small but present risk of mumps transmission from vaccinated patients to close contacts during an epidemic.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mumps outbreaks can occur even in vaccinated populations.
  • Understanding transmission dynamics from vaccinated individuals is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the potential for vaccinated individuals to spread mumps virus to close contacts.
  • To compare viral loads in vaccinated versus unvaccinated mumps patients.
  • To investigate mumps infection occurrence in households of vaccinated mumps patients.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative PCR analysis of oral fluid specimens from vaccinated and unvaccinated mumps patients.
  • Case investigation of household contacts of vaccinated mumps patients.
  • Serological testing for mumps infection in contacts.

Main Results:

  • Vaccinated mumps patients had lower viral titers than unvaccinated patients in the first three days post-onset.
  • No symptomatic mumps cases were found in household contacts of vaccinated patients.
  • Asymptomatic mumps infections were detected in vaccinated household contacts, with the vaccinated index patient as a probable source in two instances.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccinated individuals pose a small, but not negligible, risk of mumps transmission.
  • Public health measures should consider the potential for transmission from vaccinated individuals during outbreaks.

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