Leprosy control in Zimbabwe: from a vertical to a horizontal programme

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Disease Control
• Tropical Medicine

Background:

• Leprosy control services in Zimbabwe were re-established in 1983 post-independence.
• Key objectives included nationwide implementation of multiple drug treatment (MDT) and integration into general health services.

Observation:

• MDT regimens have rapidly reduced leprosy prevalence.
• Between 1984 and 1989, 627 new cases were detected, with an annual detection rate of 1.6 per 100,000.
• New cases showed a low percentage of individuals under 15 (4%) and 50% lepromatous leprosy.

Findings:

• The successful implementation of MDT has led to unforeseen obstacles in integrating leprosy control into general health services.
• The program's unchanged budget necessitates integration, but challenges hinder this transition.

Implications:

• Addressing current obstacles requires strategic planning for sustainable leprosy control.
• Integrating leprosy education into paramedical training curricula is crucial for long-term success and preventing future challenges.