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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
07:10

Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears

Published on: March 6, 2026

Instability and rotator cuff tear.

Giuseppe Porcellini, Francesco Caranzano, Fabrizio Campi

    Medicine and Sport Science
    |October 12, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rotator cuff tears are more common after shoulder dislocation in older adults due to age-related tendon changes. Treatment depends on patient age, function, and injury type.

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    Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
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    Modified Long Head of Biceps Tendon Rerouting and Fixation as Partial Capsular Reconstruction for Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
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    Arthroscopic Management of Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Whole Rotator Cable Reconstruction Using Proximal Biceps Tendon Autograft
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    Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
    06:09

    Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

    Published on: March 12, 2021

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic Surgery
    • Sports Medicine
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Rotator cuff tears are prevalent after traumatic shoulder dislocations, particularly in older individuals.
    • Age-related deterioration of rotator cuff tendons compromises joint stability.
    • The causal relationship between rotator cuff lesions and dislocation remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of rotator cuff tears in traumatic shoulder dislocations.
    • To explore the impact of age on rotator cuff integrity and joint stability.
    • To review management strategies for rotator cuff tears associated with shoulder dislocations.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on traumatic shoulder dislocations and rotator cuff pathology.
    • Analysis of age-related changes in rotator cuff tendon structure and biomechanics.
    • Evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for associated injuries.

    Main Results:

    • Advancing age correlates with increased rotator cuff tear prevalence post-dislocation.
    • Rotator cuff tendons are crucial for glenohumeral joint stabilization.
    • Associated injuries, including nerve damage (terrible triad), can occur.

    Conclusions:

    • Age significantly influences rotator cuff integrity and tear risk after dislocation.
    • Management decisions require careful consideration of patient age, functional needs, and injury severity.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the etiology of rotator cuff lesions in dislocation.