Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Support Reactions in Three Dimensions01:27

Support Reactions in Three Dimensions

Support reactions in three dimensions help maintain the stability and equilibrium of various structures and systems. These reactions prevent the system from translating and rotating, ensuring the design can withstand external forces and perform its intended function efficiently and safely. Some of the supports providing support reactions in three dimensions are discussed below:
Ball and Socket Joint is one of the supports allowing free rotation about any axis. This freedom of rotation is...
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Transformation of Plane Stress01:18

Transformation of Plane Stress

Studying stress transformation is essential in understanding how stress components within a material, like a cube under plane stress, change with rotation. This change is analyzed by considering a prismatic element within the cube. As the element rotates, the stress components acting on it—both normal and shearing stresses—change in magnitude and orientation. This change is quantified using trigonometric functions of the rotation angle, relating the forces acting on the rotated element's faces...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Population-scale Y chromosome assemblies reveal recurrent remodeling within constrained architectures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Surgical treatment for neonates with necrotising enterocolitis in the republic of Ireland: are we just seeing patients at the tip of the iceberg?

Irish journal of medical science·2026
Same author

Non-Wilms Renal Tumours in Children: The Republic of Ireland Experience.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

The power, potential of real-world data in randomized controlled trials: proceedings from a multistakeholder think tank.

Trials·2026
Same author

Views and experiences regarding workplace genetic testing: findings from a national survey of U.S. employees.

Journal of community genetics·2026
Same author

Genetic counselors' perspectives and experiences with workplace genetic testing: Results of a national survey.

Genetics in medicine open·2026
Same journal

Theoretical and Psychological Mechanisms of Perceptual-Motor Learning in AI Bots-Assisted Art Education.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026
Same journal

Development and Measurement Properties of a Custom-Built Punch Force Dynamometer Based on S-Type Load Cells.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026
Same journal

Do Elite Taekwondo Athletes Invest Time for Better Choices? Analysis of Anticipatory Behavior Through a Perception-Action Coupling Task.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026
Same journal

Multisensory Contributions in Joint Actions: A Scoping Review.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026
Same journal

Proprioceptive Impairment and Joint Position Exposure Time in Relation to Patient-Report Outcome With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026
Same journal

Static Tactical Diagrams and Imagination: Differential Effects on Novice and Expert Handball Players.

Perceptual and motor skills·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data
06:36

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data

Published on: October 18, 2024

Real three-dimensional objects: effects on mental rotation.

Michael C Felix1, Joshua D Parker, Charles Lee

  • 1Department of Psychology, 400 E. University Way, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA. gabrielk@cwu.edu

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|October 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Men consistently outperformed women on mental rotation tasks involving real 3D objects and 2D illustrations. Spatial activity experience did not mediate this sex difference in spatial cognition.

More Related Videos

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data
06:36

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data

Published on: October 18, 2024

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Spatial Cognition
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Mental rotation is a key aspect of spatial ability.
  • Sex differences in spatial abilities are well-documented but their origins are debated.
  • The role of experience in mediating these differences requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in mental rotation performance using real 3D objects versus 2D illustrations.
  • To determine if sex differences in spatial activities mediate performance on mental rotation tasks.
  • To explore the relationship between self-reported spatial activity proficiency and mental rotation performance.

Main Methods:

  • 40 men and 40 women completed timed mental rotation trials.
  • Stimuli included real 3D objects and 2D illustrations of 3D objects.
  • Participants reported proficiency in spatial activities like map and GPS use.

Main Results:

  • Men outperformed women on mental rotation regardless of stimulus type (real 3D or 2D).
  • Sex differences in spatial activities did not significantly influence mental rotation performance.
  • Map proficiency correlated positively with performance on 2D illustration trials only.
  • GPS proficiency correlated negatively with performance across both stimulus types.

Conclusions:

  • Real 3D objects may engage distinct spatial skills compared to 2D representations.
  • Real 3D objects can potentially enhance mental rotation performance.
  • Experience with specific spatial tools (maps, GPS) has differential impacts on mental rotation performance.