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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...

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A High-throughput Calcium-flux Assay to Study NMDA-receptors with Sensitivity to Glycine/D-serine and Glutamate
04:48

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Frequency-Dependent Changes in NMDAR-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity.

Arvind Kumar1, Mayank R Mehta

  • 1Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg Freiburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
|October 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synaptic plasticity, crucial for learning, is influenced by spike timing and oscillations. Our computational model reveals preferred frequencies for long-term potentiation (LTP) and highlights how dendritic location impacts synaptic changes.

Keywords:
1/fLTDLTPNMDA synapsesSTDPcalcium dependent plasticityoscillations

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Synaptic Plasticity

Background:

  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent synaptic plasticity underlies learning and memory.
  • Synaptic plasticity is modulated by spike train characteristics, including rate, timing, and oscillations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally investigate the influence of spike train variables on NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity.
  • To explore the impact of frequency, timing, oscillations, and dendritic location on synaptic potentiation and depression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a reduced, analytically tractable model of a single NMDAR-containing synapse.
  • Validated findings with detailed, multi-compartment computational models.
  • Analyzed the effects of varying spike rates, timing, and oscillatory patterns.

Main Results:

  • Identified a preferred frequency for long-term potentiation (LTP); higher frequencies decreased LTP (1/f relationship).
  • Demonstrated that preferred LTP frequency varies with synapse location on the dendrite; same frequencies induced LTP or long-term depression (LTD) based on location.
  • Rhythmic stimuli induced greater plasticity than irregular stimuli; bursts expanded timing dependence.
  • Found synergistic interaction between rate and timing mechanisms in the 5-15 Hz range, enhancing spike timing sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Oscillations significantly influence NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity.
  • Dendritic morphology plays a novel role in modulating synaptic plasticity outcomes.
  • Computational models provide testable predictions for experimental validation of synaptic plasticity mechanisms.