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Association between obstructive sleep apnea and urinary calculi: a population-based case-control study.

Jiunn-Horng Kang¹, Joseph J Keller, Yi-Kuang Chen

¹Sleep Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

|October 18, 2011

Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to a higher risk of urinary calculi (UC). This association was strongest in younger adults under 35, suggesting a need for further investigation into shared inflammatory pathways.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Sleep Medicine
Public Health

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with systemic inflammation, which may contribute to other health conditions.
Urinary calculi (UC) share similar inflammatory pathways, prompting investigation into a potential link between OSA and UC.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and urinary calculi (UC).
To assess the prevalence of prior OSA in patients diagnosed with UC using a national population-based dataset.

Main Methods:

A national population-based dataset from Taiwan's National Health Insurance program was utilized.
53,791 patients with new UC diagnoses (2003-2008) were compared to 161,373 randomly selected controls.
Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for prior OSA in UC patients, adjusting for various covariates.

Main Results:

Patients with UC showed a higher prevalence of prior OSA (1.5%) compared to controls (1.1%).
An adjusted OR of 1.38 (95% CI 1.30-1.49) indicated a significant association between prior OSA and UC.
The association was observed in both males and females and was most pronounced in the youngest age group (<35 years), with an OR of 2.57 (95% CI 1.97-3.34).

Conclusions:

Patients diagnosed with urinary calculi (UC) exhibit a higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
The association between OSA and UC is particularly strong in younger individuals under 35 years of age.
These findings suggest a potential link between OSA and UC, possibly mediated by shared inflammatory mechanisms.