Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026
09:38
Identification of Nucleolar Factors During HIV-1 Replication Through Rev Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry
Published on: June 26, 2019
Essential and supporting host cell factors for HIV-1 budding.
Aurelien Dordor1, Emilie Poudevigne, Heinrich Göttlinger
1Unit of Virus Host Cell Interactions UMI 3265 Université Joseph Fourier-EMBL-CNRS, 6 rue Jules Horowitz 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
Future Microbiology
|October 19, 2011
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assembly relies on the Gag polyprotein interacting with host cell factors. This review highlights recent advances in understanding these interactions and their role in virion release.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- HIV-1 assembly and budding occur at the host cell plasma membrane.
- The Gag polyprotein is crucial for forming virus-like particles and interacts with cellular factors.
- Endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) are vital for HIV-1 virion release.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding host cell factors recruited by HIV-1 Gag.
- To elucidate the role of these factors in HIV-1 assembly and budding.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent scientific publications.
- Analysis of studies focusing on HIV-1 Gag-host factor interactions.
- Examination of the ESCRT pathway's involvement in viral release.
Main Results:
- HIV-1 Gag recruits numerous cellular factors to regulate its trafficking and assembly.
- ESCRT components play a significant role in the final stages of virion budding.
- Understanding these interactions provides insights into viral replication mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Host cell factors, particularly ESCRT, are essential for efficient HIV-1 assembly and budding.
- Targeting Gag-host factor interactions presents potential therapeutic strategies.
- Further research is needed to fully map the complex interplay between HIV-1 and host cell machinery.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly
As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
01:26Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
01:28Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
02:33Retroviruses
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
01:32Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...