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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
A gas chromatograph consists of a long, narrow capillary column with a polysiloxane coating on the inner wall. The coating...
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Automated HPLC Separation Using LC-Mate: An Integrated Repetitive Autosampler and Fraction Collector for Microscale Purification
07:11

Automated HPLC Separation Using LC-Mate: An Integrated Repetitive Autosampler and Fraction Collector for Microscale Purification

Published on: February 27, 2026

A miniature mass spectrometer for liquid chromatography applications.

Andrew Malcolm1, Steven Wright, Richard R A Syms

  • 1Microsaic Systems plc, Unit 2, GMS House, Boundary Rd, Woking, Surrey, GU21 5BX, UK.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM
|October 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A novel miniature mass spectrometer integrates with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems. This compact device, built with microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), offers sensitive analyte detection for improved analytical workflows.

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A Plasma Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry using an Automated Workstation
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Automated HPLC Separation Using LC-Mate: An Integrated Repetitive Autosampler and Fraction Collector for Microscale Purification
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A Plasma Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry using an Automated Workstation
07:12

A Plasma Sample Preparation for Mass Spectrometry using an Automated Workstation

Published on: April 24, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Microfluidics
  • Instrumentation

Background:

  • Traditional mass spectrometers are often large, complex, and expensive, limiting their accessibility and on-site application.
  • Integrating mass spectrometry with liquid chromatography enhances separation and identification capabilities for complex samples.
  • Miniaturization of analytical instrumentation is a key trend for portable and field-deployable systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a first-of-its-kind miniature mass spectrometer for direct coupling with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • To integrate all necessary components, including pumps and computer, into a single, compact enclosure.
  • To utilize microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for fabricating key microengineered components as consumables.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a microengineered microspray ion source, vacuum interface, ion guide, and quadrupole ion filter using MEMS fabrication.
  • Integration of these microcomponents into a single, compact mass spectrometer unit.
  • Coupling the miniature mass spectrometer to a standard HPLC system via an integrated passive split.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of a fully integrated, compact mass spectrometer system for HPLC applications.
  • Achieved a limit of detection of 5 ng on-column for reserpine, with only 1 pg introduced to the microspray.
  • Operates with a mass range of m/z 100-800 and acquires spectra at a rate of 1 scan per second.

Conclusions:

  • The developed miniature mass spectrometer represents a significant advancement in portable analytical instrumentation.
  • MEMS fabrication enables the production of microengineered components as consumables, potentially reducing costs and facilitating maintenance.
  • This compact HPLC-MS system offers sensitive and rapid detection, opening possibilities for on-site analysis and reduced laboratory footprint.