[Midfacial fractures. Diagnosis and treatment]

Area of Science:

• Maxillofacial surgery
• Trauma surgery
• Orthognathic surgery

Context:

• Midfacial fractures require precise diagnosis and treatment.
• Computer tomography (CT) and plate osteosynthesis have revolutionized care.
• Complex fractures involving the orbit and skull base present significant challenges.

Purpose:

• To outline optimized clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for midfacial fractures.
• To highlight the role of advanced imaging and surgical techniques.
• To emphasize the importance of preserving function and aesthetics.

Summary:

• Modern computer tomography and plate osteosynthesis have significantly improved the management of midfacial fractures.
• Complex fractures, including those of the orbit and skull base, can be accurately reconstructed and stabilized using titanium mini- and micro-plates or resorbable materials.
• Surgical goals prioritize the preservation of essential functions (vision, scent, speech, occlusion, swallowing) and aesthetic outcomes, with conservative treatment being an exception.

Impact:

• Optimized treatment protocols lead to improved functional and aesthetic results for patients with midfacial fractures.
• Interdisciplinary care is crucial for polytrauma patients requiring midfacial fracture management.
• The advancement in materials and techniques allows for customized and effective surgical interventions.