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Diacetylene copolymers for fingermark development.

Adrian De Grazia1, Meena Mikhael, Natasha Stojanovska

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.

Forensic Science International
|October 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized a diacetylene monomer mixture for developing latent fingerprints on diverse surfaces, including paper. The reagent co-crystallizes with residues, forming a purple polymer for visible marks, with varying results based on surface type and composition.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Latent fingerprint development is crucial in forensics.
  • Previous work by Miller and Patel (1979) established diacetylene monomers for non-porous surfaces.
  • The need exists for versatile fingerprint development methods across various substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a diacetylene monomer mixture (HDDPU:HDDCPU) for latent fingerprint development on both porous and non-porous surfaces.
  • To optimize an airbrush application system for the reagent.
  • To investigate factors influencing co-crystallization and subsequent polymer formation for fingermark visualization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mixture of 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-bis(phenylurethane) (HDDPU) and 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-bis(p-chlorophenylurethane) (HDDCPU) in acetone.
  • Applied the reagent solution using an optimized airbrush system.
  • Analyzed co-crystallization patterns and polymer formation (purple) versus non-polymerization (white deposit) on diverse substrates.
  • Conducted spot tests with oily, salty, and amino acid solutions to assess reagent interaction with common fingermark residues.

Main Results:

  • The diacetylene mixture successfully developed latent fingerprints on a wide range of surfaces, including paper.
  • Co-crystallization of monomers varied by surface, leading to "active" (purple polymer) or "inactive" (white deposit) outcomes.
  • On paper, oily residues promoted purple polymer formation, while water inhibited polymerization.
  • Fingermark contrast was achieved through active co-crystallization, with polymer formation occurring in ridges or furrows depending on substrate factors.
  • Fingermarks were developed on paper pre-treated with the diacetylene reagent.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized diacetylene monomer mixture offers a versatile method for latent fingerprint development across multiple surface types.
  • Surface properties and residue composition significantly influence the topochemical polymerization process.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to maximizing the effectiveness of this forensic technique.