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Updated: May 28, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

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Risks of transfusion.

Jerry E Squires¹

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. squiresj@musc.edu

Southern Medical Journal

|October 26, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Millions of patients undergo blood transfusions annually. While transfusion-transmitted diseases are rare, risks like hemolysis and lung injury remain significant concerns for patient safety.

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Area of Science:

Medicine
Hematology
Patient Safety

Background:

Over 4 million US patients receive blood transfusions yearly for conditions like anemia.
Physicians must balance transfusion benefits against risks, including adverse outcomes.
The transfusion risk profile has evolved, with infectious disease transmission decreasing as a primary concern.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current risk-benefit landscape of blood transfusions.
To highlight evolving transfusion safety concerns for clinicians.
To emphasize the need for accurate adverse outcome assessment for a national hemovigilance system.

Main Methods:

Review of current transfusion medicine literature and safety data.
Analysis of the changing risk profile of blood transfusions over the past decade.
Discussion of the requirements for an effective national hemovigilance system.

Main Results:

Transfusion-transmitted infections are now a rare risk.
Adverse outcomes like hemolysis, transfusion-related lung injury, and anaphylaxis are more common concerns.
Accurate clinical assessment of adverse transfusion outcomes is crucial.

Conclusions:

The risk-benefit assessment for blood transfusions requires updated physician knowledge.
Hemolysis, transfusion-related lung injury, and anaphylaxis are significant transfusion risks.
A robust national hemovigilance system depends on precise clinician reporting of adverse events.