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Related Concept Videos

Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops resemble the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Expression of Fluorescent Proteins in Branchiostoma lanceolatum by mRNA Injection into Unfertilized Oocytes
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Evolutionary crossroads in developmental biology: amphioxus.

Stephanie Bertrand1, Hector Escriva

  • 1CNRS UMR7232, UPMC Université Paris 06, Observatoire océanologique, F-66651 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|October 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Amphioxus serves as a key model organism for understanding vertebrate evolution due to its conserved traits and simple structure. Research using amphioxus illuminates the transition from invertebrates to vertebrates and the evolution of key vertebrate features.

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Area of Science:

  • * Evolutionary biology
  • * Comparative genomics
  • * Chordate developmental biology

Background:

  • * Amphioxus (lancelets) are basal chordates, offering insights into vertebrate origins.
  • * Their conserved morphology and genome make them valuable models for evolutionary studies.
  • * Advancements in genomics and techniques facilitate research on the invertebrate-chordate to vertebrate transition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To present amphioxus as a model organism for vertebrate evolution research.
  • * To detail the life cycle, species, and experimental techniques applicable to amphioxus.
  • * To summarize key findings on the evolution of vertebrate traits derived from amphioxus studies.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of existing literature on amphioxus biology and evolution.
  • * Analysis of genomic data to understand conserved and divergent features.
  • * Description of established and emerging experimental methodologies for amphioxus research.

Main Results:

  • * Amphioxus possesses a simple yet informative body plan relevant to early chordate evolution.
  • * Genomic studies reveal conserved genetic elements crucial for vertebrate development.
  • * Experimental data elucidate the evolutionary pathways of key vertebrate characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • * Amphioxus is an indispensable model for investigating the evolutionary history of vertebrates.
  • * Continued research on amphioxus will further refine our understanding of chordate and vertebrate origins.
  • * The integration of genomic and experimental approaches in amphioxus research yields significant evolutionary insights.