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Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
Published on: November 15, 2013
Minireview: Recent advances in extranuclear steroid receptor actions
Stephen R Hammes1, Ellis R Levin
1Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. stephen_hammes@urmc.rochester.edu
Endocrinology
|October 27, 2011
Summary
Extranuclear steroid receptors, including membrane estrogen receptors, play vital roles in cardiovascular health and cancer. These receptors rapidly signal to regulate gene expression, impacting cell functions and disease processes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiovascular Biology
Background:
- Extranuclear steroid receptor signaling is increasingly recognized for its role in organ physiology and disease.
- Membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) are crucial for cardiovascular system functions, including arterial health.
- Extranuclear steroid receptors (estrogen, progesterone, androgen) in cancer cells influence proliferation, migration, and invasion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanisms of rapid steroid signaling via extranuclear receptors.
- To understand the role of extranuclear steroid receptors in cardiovascular disease prevention and arterial function.
- To investigate how extranuclear steroid receptor signaling impacts cancer cell biology.
Main Methods:
- Investigating the functions of membrane estrogen receptors in cardiovascular systems.
- Analyzing kinase signaling pathways initiated by extranuclear steroid receptors in cancer cells.
- Identifying key mediators of cross-talk between cytoplasmic and nuclear steroid receptor signaling.
Main Results:
- Membrane estrogen receptors demonstrate rapid signaling mechanisms affecting gene regulation and arterial health.
- Extranuclear estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptor signaling modulates cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
- Proline-, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein-1 (PELP1) and paxillin are identified as key mediators in steroid receptor signaling.
Conclusions:
- Extranuclear steroid receptor signaling is integral to both normal organ physiology and pathobiology.
- Targeting extranuclear steroid receptor pathways offers potential for cardiovascular disease prevention and cancer therapy.
- PELP1 and paxillin are critical for integrating extranuclear and nuclear steroid receptor signaling for diverse cellular functions.
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