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Related Concept Videos

Equity Theory01:26

Equity Theory

Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...
Principle of Equivalence01:18

Principle of Equivalence

According to Albert Einstein (1897-1955), free-falling and feeling weightless are intrinsically linked. If a person were in free-fall under gravity, for example, diving towards the Earth from an airplane, they would feel completely weightless. Similarly, a person descending in a lift may feel partially weightless. Broadly speaking, it is assumed that an object in a uniform gravitational field and an object undergoing constant acceleration in the absence of gravity are under the same...
Application of Nonlinear Inequalities01:29

Application of Nonlinear Inequalities

A nonlinear inequality describes a comparison involving an expression that curves or behaves more complexly than a straight line. These inequalities often appear in forms that include squares, products, or variables in the denominator.To solve such an inequality, one starts by rewriting it so that zero appears on one side. For example, the inequality:  can be factored as: This form makes it easier to identify the values that cause the expression to equal zero. In this case, the key values are 3...
Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in different ways based on the...
Inclusive Fitness00:57

Inclusive Fitness

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Inequalities01:28

Inequalities

Inequalities express mathematical relationships where two values are not equal and are compared using symbols such as <, >, ≤, or ≥. These expressions define a range of possible solutions rather than a single value. Interval notation provides a concise way to express these solution sets, especially when the variable spans a continuous range. An open interval, written as (a, b), excludes the endpoints, while a closed interval [a, b] includes them. There are also half-open intervals, such...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

The choice between allocation principles: amplifying when equality dominates.

Daniel Eek1, Marcus Selart

  • 1Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. Daniel.Eek@astrazeneca.com

International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie
|October 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

People distinguish between fairness and preference in resource allocation. Equality is preferred for fairness in social comparisons, while maximizing joint outcomes is preferred for preference in temporal comparisons.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Understanding resource allocation is crucial in organizational settings.
  • Decision-making in resource distribution involves balancing fairness and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how individuals make allocation decisions based on fairness versus preference.
  • To examine the influence of social versus temporal comparisons on allocation choices.
  • To determine if self-interest (in-group representation) affects allocation preferences.

Main Methods:

  • A factorial survey design with 190 participants (students and employees).
  • Participants evaluated three allocation strategies: maximizing individual outcome, maximizing joint outcome, or equal distribution.
  • Factors included social vs. temporal comparisons and in-group representation.

Main Results:

  • Equality was preferred in social comparisons when fairness was the criterion.
  • Maximizing joint outcomes was preferred in temporal comparisons when preference was the criterion.
  • In-group representation did not significantly moderate allocation preferences, suggesting decisions were not driven by self-interest.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals make rational distinctions between what they perceive as fair and what they prefer.
  • Context (social vs. temporal comparison) and decision criteria (fairness vs. preference) significantly influence resource allocation choices.
  • Findings support the external validity of using university students in organizational behavior research.