Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis01:22

Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis

Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used.
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Infective endocarditis: a retrospective cohort study.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians·2019
Same author

Differential Neurotoxicity Related to Tetracycline Transactivator and TDP-43 Expression in Conditional TDP-43 Mouse Model of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2018
Same author

Early and mid-term outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in Ireland.

International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature·2017
Same author

Application of congener based multi-matrix profiling techniques to identify potential PCDD/F sources in environmental samples from the Burrishoole Catchment in the West of Ireland.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2013
Same author

Safety of therapeutic hypothermia in post VF/VT cardiac arrest patients.

Irish medical journal·2013
Same author

Determination of eleven coccidiostats in animal feed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at cross contamination levels.

Analytica chimica acta·2011
Same journal

Effect of processing steps on pesticide residue reduction in bulgur wheat and rice.

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2026
Same journal

Urinary aflatoxin biomonitoring in the Maule cohort (MAUCO), Chile: population exposure and risk factors.

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2026
Same journal

Histamine risk assessment in Scombridae fish across processing forms and distribution channels: a case study from Nghe An Province, Vietnam.

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2026
Same journal

A spoonful of sugar: human exposure to microplastics through consumption of processed sugarcane.

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2026
Same journal

Number and type of food additives in plant-based vs animal-based products: an analysis of a UK supermarket range.

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2026
Same journal

Caffeine levels and voluntary labelling accuracy of guarana-containing solid foods in Korea: A pre-implementation market baseline (2020-2021).

Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Development of a Backbone Cyclic Peptide Library as Potential Antiparasitic Therapeutics Using Microwave Irradiation
08:48

Development of a Backbone Cyclic Peptide Library as Potential Antiparasitic Therapeutics Using Microwave Irradiation

Published on: January 26, 2016

Primary aromatic amine migration from polyamide kitchen utensils: method development and product testing.

E McCall1, J Keegan, B Foley

  • 1School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland. eimear.mccall@dit.ie

Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment
|October 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new LC-MS/MS method accurately detects six primary aromatic amines (PAAs) in kitchenware. PAA migration from polyamide utensils was significant, necessitating improved food safety monitoring.

More Related Videos

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics
10:35

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics

Published on: April 10, 2026

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
13:57

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

Published on: December 24, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Development of a Backbone Cyclic Peptide Library as Potential Antiparasitic Therapeutics Using Microwave Irradiation
08:48

Development of a Backbone Cyclic Peptide Library as Potential Antiparasitic Therapeutics Using Microwave Irradiation

Published on: January 26, 2016

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics
10:35

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics

Published on: April 10, 2026

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
13:57

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

Published on: December 24, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Food Safety Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Primary aromatic amines (PAAs) are a concern in food contact materials.
  • Existing methods for PAA detection can be time-consuming and costly.
  • Migration studies are crucial for assessing food safety risks from utensils.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a rapid, sensitive LC-MS/MS method for six key PAAs.
  • To quantify PAA migration from polyamide kitchen utensils.
  • To establish PAA markers for efficient food control.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for identification and quantification.
  • Method validation according to ISO 17025:2005 standards.
  • Migration studies on black polyamide kitchen utensils.

Main Results:

  • A validated LC-MS/MS method with low limits of quantification (LOQs) between 0.075–0.496 µg l⁻¹.
  • Measurement uncertainties were low (3.15–3.20%), with high recoveries (98–102%).
  • Significant PAA migration was detected in 84 analyzed polyamide kitchen utensils.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method is suitable for routine food control, detecting PAAs below legal limits.
  • Identified PAAs can serve as markers for migration, enhancing efficiency in food safety laboratories.
  • PAA migration from polyamide utensils poses a significant food safety concern.