Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026

13:36
Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
Published on: September 30, 2010
The topsy-turvy cloning law.
Iain Brassington1, Stuart Oultram
1University of Manchester. iain.brassington@manchester.ac.uk
Monash Bioethics Review
|October 29, 2011
Summary
The law distinguishes between therapeutic and reproductive cloning, but this research argues therapeutic cloning warrants more moral concern. We should focus legal scrutiny on the right type of cloning for ethical considerations.
Area of Science:
- Bioethics
- Biotechnology Law
- Human Cloning
Background:
- Current legal frameworks differentiate between therapeutic and reproductive human cloning.
- Societal consensus generally views therapeutic cloning as less morally objectionable than reproductive cloning.
- Laws often permit therapeutic cloning for research while prohibiting reproductive cloning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To challenge the conventional legal and ethical distinction between therapeutic and reproductive cloning.
- To argue that therapeutic cloning may present greater moral concerns than reproductive cloning.
- To advocate for a re-evaluation of legal scrutiny regarding human cloning technologies.
Main Methods:
- Philosophical analysis of ethical arguments surrounding human cloning.
- Comparative examination of legal approaches to therapeutic versus reproductive cloning.
- Ethical reasoning applied to the moral implications of different cloning applications.
Main Results:
- The study posits that the legal distinction between therapeutic and reproductive cloning is counterintuitive.
- It suggests that if a moral distinction exists, therapeutic cloning warrants more ethical concern.
- The current legal framework may be misdirecting ethical scrutiny.
Conclusions:
- The conventional legal and ethical approach to human cloning requires re-examination.
- Greater moral scrutiny may be warranted for therapeutic cloning applications.
- Legal and ethical frameworks should accurately target the most concerning aspects of cloning technology.
Related Concept Videos
Reproductive Cloning
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
Reproductive Cloning
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
Cloning of Dolly the Sheep
The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual, the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter telomeres than other...
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Law of Segregation
When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
Nondisjunction
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers. Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis. Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold sister...

