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Variation in cooperative behaviour within a single city.

Daniel Nettle1, Agathe Colléony, Maria Cockerill

  • 1Centre for Behaviour and Evolution & Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom. daniel.nettle@ncl.ac.uk

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|November 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Human cooperative behavior varies significantly even within cities. Socioeconomic deprivation dramatically impacts Dictator Game decisions and real-world social actions in local communities.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Human cooperative behavior shows population-level variation.
  • Within-population differences, especially in industrial societies, are understudied.
  • The link between experimental cooperation and real-world social behavior at the community level is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate within-city variation in human cooperative behavior.
  • To compare Dictator Game (DG) decisions with naturalistic measures of cooperativeness.
  • To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status and cooperative behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted Dictator Games with residents in two socioeconomically contrasting neighborhoods in Newcastle upon Tyne.
  • Collected naturalistic data on social capital, crime, antisocial behavior, littering, and prosocial actions.
  • Assessed willingness to participate in surveys and return lost items.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in DG allocations were observed between affluent (mean allocation ~50%) and deprived neighborhoods (mean allocation ~10%).
  • The deprived neighborhood exhibited lower social capital, higher crime/antisocial behavior, and littering.
  • No differences in helping strangers with simple tasks; the deprived neighborhood had more people in public spaces.

Conclusions:

  • Dramatic local variations in cooperative behavior exist within the same city.
  • Socioeconomic deprivation is strongly associated with reduced cooperative behavior in both experimental and real-world contexts.
  • These findings necessitate further theoretical exploration of localized cooperation differences.