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Reflection and reasoning in moral judgment.

Joseph M Paxton1, Leo Ungar, Joshua D Greene

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. jpaxton@wjh.harvard.edu

Cognitive Science
|November 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Increased reflection and reasoning enhance utilitarian moral judgments. Engaging with the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) and having more deliberation time led individuals to make more utilitarian decisions, even in emotionally charged scenarios.

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Area of Science:

  • Moral Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Emotional responses significantly influence moral judgment.
  • The precise roles of conscious reflection and deliberate reasoning in moral decision-making are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how enhancing reflection and reasoning affects moral judgments.
  • To determine if increased cognitive reflection leads to more utilitarian moral decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Participants completed the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) before responding to moral dilemmas.
  • Experiment 2: Manipulated argument strength and deliberation time in response to a morally contentious scenario (consensual adult incest).

Main Results:

  • Higher performance on the CRT correlated with increased utilitarian judgments.
  • Increased deliberation time amplified the effect of argument strength, making reasoned arguments more persuasive.

Conclusions:

  • Both trait reflectiveness and induced reflection promote utilitarian moral judgments.
  • Moral reasoning, particularly when supported by sufficient deliberation, can override emotionally driven condemnation.