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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
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Targeting the tumor microenvironment by immunotherapy: part 2.

Judith Leibovici1, Orit Itzhaki, Monica Huszar

  • 1Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel. jleibov@post.tau.ac.il

Immunotherapy
|November 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Traditional cancer therapies focused on tumor cells. Now, targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its immune evasion elements is crucial for effective cancer treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Traditional cancer treatments primarily target neoplastic cells through surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences cancer progression and treatment response, yet has been historically overlooked as a therapeutic target.
  • Recent understanding highlights the TME's critical role in cancer behavior and resistance to therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment.
  • To explore targeting both immune and non-immune components of the TME.
  • To address the immune evasion strategies within the TME.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of cancer biology and therapy.
  • Analysis of the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer.
  • Identification of TME components as potential therapeutic targets.

Main Results:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical factor in cancer behavior and treatment outcomes.
  • Targeting the TME, including its immune and non-immune components, offers a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Addressing immune evasion mechanisms within the TME is essential for improving treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) must be considered an indispensable target for novel cancer therapies.
  • Therapeutic strategies should encompass targeting both the cellular and acellular components of the TME.
  • Overcoming immune evasion within the TME is key to enhancing the effectiveness of cancer treatments.