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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Memory shaped by age stereotypes over time.

Becca R Levy1, Alan B Zonderman, Martin D Slade

  • 1Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8034, USA. Becca.Levy@yale.edu

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|November 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative age stereotypes predict long-term memory decline. This impact is amplified when stereotypes are self-relevant, showing stereotypes affect memory over decades, not just short-term.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Negative self-stereotypes can impair cognitive performance.
  • Previous research focused on short-term effects, leaving long-term impacts unexamined.
  • The role of self-relevance in stereotype influence on memory over time is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if age stereotypes predict memory performance over an extended period.
  • To determine if self-relevance moderates the influence of stereotypes on long-term memory.
  • To extend previous findings from short-term laboratory settings to real-world, longitudinal data.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal analysis of memory performance across multiple waves.
  • Utilized individual growth models to analyze data from 395 participants.
  • Data sourced from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Main Results:

  • More negative age stereotypes correlated with significantly worse memory performance over 38 years.
  • Individuals aged 60+ with negative stereotypes experienced a 30.2% greater memory decline.
  • The influence of age stereotypes on memory was significantly stronger when stereotypes were self-relevant.

Conclusions:

  • The detrimental effect of negative self-stereotypes on cognitive performance extends beyond short-term laboratory findings.
  • Stereotypes predict memory performance over extended periods in community-dwelling older adults.
  • Self-relevance amplifies the negative impact of stereotypes on long-term memory, highlighting the importance of subjective experience.