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Related Concept Videos

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Analyzing Telomeric Protein-DNA Interactions Using Single-Molecule Magnetic Tweezers
11:21

Analyzing Telomeric Protein-DNA Interactions Using Single-Molecule Magnetic Tweezers

Published on: August 30, 2024

Single-molecule analysis of telomerase structure and function.

Martin Hengesbach1, Benjamin M Akiyama, Michael D Stone

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High St., Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|November 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telomerase, an enzyme that maintains telomeres, is crucial for cell renewal but often overactive in cancers. Single-molecule methods are now revealing its structure and function to aid cancer therapy development.

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Analyzing Telomeric Protein-DNA Interactions Using Single-Molecule Magnetic Tweezers
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Published on: August 30, 2024

In vitro Reconstitution of the Active T. castaneum Telomerase
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Published on: July 14, 2011

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08:23

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Published on: April 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for maintaining telomere length, which protects chromosome ends.
  • Telomere shortening typically limits cell division and triggers senescence, but telomerase activation enables cellular immortality.
  • Aberrant telomerase activation in 90% of human cancers makes it a significant therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure and function of telomerase, a challenging target due to its low natural abundance.
  • To overcome limitations in obtaining high-resolution telomerase models.
  • To explore telomerase assembly, structure, and catalytic mechanisms using advanced techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing single-molecule techniques to study telomerase.
  • Investigating telomerase assembly processes.
  • Analyzing telomerase structure and catalytic activity at the molecular level.

Main Results:

  • Single-molecule approaches provide new insights into telomerase assembly and structure.
  • These methods facilitate the study of telomerase function despite its low abundance.
  • Advancements in understanding telomerase catalysis are being made.

Conclusions:

  • Single-molecule techniques are instrumental in overcoming challenges in telomerase research.
  • Understanding telomerase structure and function is key to developing targeted cancer therapies.
  • Further research using these methods will enhance our knowledge of telomere maintenance and cancer biology.