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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Interference in visual perception by verbal and spatial cognitive activity.

Elisa Pérez-Moreno1, Angela Conchillo, Miguel Angel Recarte

  • 1Dpto. Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. elisaperez@psi.ucm.es

The Spanish Journal of Psychology
|November 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive tasks, like spatial imagery and verbal processing, impair visual perception and search. Verbal tasks cause greater visual detection deterioration and mental load than spatial tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Cognitive processing can interfere with visual perception.
  • The impact of different cognitive task types on visual perception requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if spatial imagery processing causes more visual perception deterioration than verbal code processing.
  • To analyze mental load and ocular behaviors during cognitive tasks.
  • To examine the effect of cognitive tasks on visual search performance.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted.
  • Experiment 1 (N=30) assessed mental load and ocular behaviors during spatial imagery and verbal tasks.
  • Experiment 2 (N=29) used a dual-task paradigm to study the effect of these tasks on a visual search task.

Main Results:

  • The verbal task imposed a higher mental load than the spatial imagery task during visual search.
  • Deterioration in stimulus detection was more pronounced with the verbal task.
  • Cognitive tasks significantly impair visual search and stimulus identification.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive tasks degrade visual search and identification abilities.
  • This degradation involves inefficient search (altered gaze) and general interference in stimulus identification.
  • Cognitive interference is linked to the mental load required by the task.