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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...

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Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
08:25

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling

Published on: April 7, 2015

Pneumococcal endocarditis with extremely rapid valve destruction in a splenectomized host.

Tanyanan Tanawuttiwat1, Brian Poustinchian, Adam Treitman

  • 1Department of Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center, 4440 W. 95th Street, Oak Lawn, IL 60453, USA. ttanawuttiwat@gmail.com

The Journal of Heart Valve Disease
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Pneumococcal endocarditis can rapidly destroy heart valves. This case highlights aggressive mitral valve destruction and vegetation growth within 60 hours, necessitating urgent surgical intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Pneumococcal bacteremia can lead to infective endocarditis, a serious infection of the heart valves.
  • While less common in the antibiotic era, severe cases of pneumococcal endocarditis can still occur.

Observation:

  • A 45-year-old patient with pneumococcal bacteremia showed unremarkable initial echocardiography.
  • Repeat imaging 60 hours later revealed severe mitral regurgitation due to posterior leaflet destruction and new vegetations on the mitral valve and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT).

Findings:

  • Rapid progression of cardiac damage in pneumococcal endocarditis.
  • Development of severe mitral regurgitation and large vegetations within a short timeframe.
  • Successful surgical management involving mitral valve replacement and LVOT vegetation debridement.

Implications:

  • Pneumococcal endocarditis can exhibit a highly aggressive clinical course, even with antibiotic treatment.
  • Early and repeat echocardiography is crucial for detecting rapid valvular damage in suspected cases.
  • Prompt surgical intervention is vital for managing severe complications of pneumococcal endocarditis.