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Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

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The Influence of Thyroid Dysfunction on Body Composition and Weight Trajectory.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Weight changes in euthyroid patients undergoing thyroidectomy.

Jacqueline Jonklaas1, Hala Nsouli-Maktabi

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia 20007, USA. jonklaaj@georgetown.edu

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients who underwent thyroidectomy gained more weight than those with hypothyroidism. All hypothyroid patients, even when treated, gained more weight than those without thyroid disease.

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Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach
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Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach
05:10

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

Published on: September 15, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Research
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Thyroidectomy often leads to weight gain resistant to weight loss efforts.
  • This study investigates weight changes in thyroidectomized patients compared to those with hypothyroidism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if recently thyroidectomized euthyroid patients gain more weight than matched euthyroid patients with preexisting hypothyroidism.
  • To compare weight changes in thyroidectomized patients with other thyroid status groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 480 patients (120 per group).
  • Groups included: thyroidectomized euthyroid, preexisting hypothyroidism, no thyroid disease, and iatrogenic hyperthyroidism.
  • Weight and anthropometric data were compared over a 1-year period.

Main Results:

  • Thyroidectomized patients gained 3.1 kg, significantly more than matched hypothyroid patients (2.2 kg).
  • All hypothyroid patients gained more weight than those without thyroid disease (1.3 kg) or with iatrogenic hyperthyroidism (1.2 kg).
  • Within the thyroidectomized group, menopausal women experienced the greatest weight gain (4.4 kg).

Conclusions:

  • Thyroidectomy is associated with greater weight gain than preexisting hypothyroidism, even with euthyroid hormone replacement.
  • Hypothyroidism, treated or untreated, is linked to increased weight gain compared to euthyroid or hyperthyroid states.
  • Menopausal status increases weight gain risk in thyroidectomized patients, suggesting targeted weight loss interventions.