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Updated: May 27, 2026

A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training
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A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training

Published on: January 20, 2019

An exercise sequence for progression in balance training.

Thomas Muehlbauer1, Ralf Roth, Micha Bopp

  • 1Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany. t.muehlbauer@uni-jena.de

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated progressive balance training (BT) difficulty. Findings show reduced base of support and limited sensory input significantly increase postural sway, informing exercise progression for improved balance ability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Progressive configuration of balance training (BT) lacks scientific validation compared to resistance training.
  • Understanding how to systematically increase balance exercise difficulty is crucial for effective training programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine participants' ability to perform balance exercises with incrementally increasing difficulty.
  • To establish a framework for progressive balance training based on scientific validation.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty participants stood on a computerized balance platform under varying stance (bipedal, step, tandem, monopedal) and sensory (firm/foam ground, eyes open/closed) conditions.
  • Postural sway was measured by center of pressure displacements across three testing days, each with different sensory and stance configurations.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training
09:13

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Published on: January 20, 2019

A Training Program Using an Agility Ladder for Community-Dwelling Older Adults
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  • Exercises were categorized into training stages based on observed postural sway and trial variability.

    • Main Results:

    • Center of pressure displacements significantly increased with reduced base of support (all p < 0.001).
    • Increased postural sway was observed when sensory information was limited (all p < 0.001).
    • Balance performance decreased as task difficulty increased through narrowed base of support and restricted sensory input.

    Conclusions:

    • Balance performance is inversely related to task difficulty, specifically when base of support is narrowed or sensory input is limited.
    • The study provides a validated exercise ranking for practitioners to select and progress balance training exercises based on individual ability.
    • This research contributes to the scientific validation of progressive balance training configurations.