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Updated: May 27, 2026

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
Published on: October 10, 2025
Influence of gestational age and reason for prior preterm birth on rates of recurrent preterm delivery
Victor Hugo Gonzalez-Quintero1, Yvette C Cordova, Niki B Istwan
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Objective:
We sought to compare rates of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) in women receiving 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) with prior SPTB due to preterm labor (PTL) vs preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).
Study Design:
Women with singleton gestation having 1 prior SPTB enrolled at 16-24.9 weeks' gestation for weekly outpatient 17P administration were identified from a database. Rates of recurrent SPTB were compared between those with prior SPTB due to PTL or PPROM overall and by gestational age at prior SPTB.
Results:
Records from 2123 women were analyzed. The prior PTL group vs the prior PPROM group experienced higher rates of recurrent SPTB at <37 weeks (29.7% vs 22.9%, P = .004), <35 weeks (14.0% vs 9.1%, P = .004), and <32 weeks (5.9% vs 3.3%, P = .024), respectively.
Conclusion:
Reason and gestational age of prior SPTB influence the likelihood of recurrent SPTB in women receiving 17P prophylaxis.
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