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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Wind Tunnel Experiments to Study Chaparral Crown Fires

Wind Tunnel Experiments to Study Chaparral Crown Fires

Published on: November 14, 2017

Temporal variability of forest fires in eastern Amazonia.

Ane Alencar¹, Gregory P Asner, David Knapp

¹Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia, Avenida Nazaré 669, Belém, PA 66035-170, Brazil. ane@ipam.org.br

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America

|November 12, 2011

Summary

Amazonian forest fires are increasingly frequent due to climate change and droughts, burning 15% of forests between 1983-2007. This accelerated fire return interval, 5-11 times faster than natural, impacts deforestation and emissions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Wind Tunnel Experiments to Study Chaparral Crown Fires

Wind Tunnel Experiments to Study Chaparral Crown Fires

Published on: November 14, 2017

Area of Science:

Ecology
Remote Sensing
Climate Science

Background:

Amazonian forest fires are linked to extreme droughts.
Historical fire data is crucial for understanding climate impacts on fire occurrence.
Remote sensing offers a method for historical fire scar analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To derive a 23-year time series of landscape-level burn scars in the eastern Amazon.
To quantify fire frequencies, return intervals, and deforestation rates in burned areas.
To assess the influence of climate, droughts, and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on fire occurrence.

Main Methods:

Utilized remote sensing with Landsat imagery over 23 years (1983-2007).
Developed and applied the CLAS-BURN algorithm to calculate a burn scar index (BSI) with 93% accuracy.
Analyzed fire frequencies, return intervals, and land-use conversion in a 32,400 km2 area.

Main Results:

15% of the forest burned between 1983-2007; 38% of burned areas were subsequently deforested.
Fire return intervals are 5-11 times more frequent than the natural fire regime.
Extreme droughts, particularly ENSO events, significantly influenced fire extent and recurrence, especially in fragmented landscapes.

Conclusions:

The study quantifies the substantial influence of climate and ENSO-driven droughts on Amazonian forest fires.
Increased fire frequency in fragmented landscapes has significant implications for deforestation and carbon emissions.
Future warmer climates and continued deforestation are expected to exacerbate fire occurrence and emissions in the Amazon.