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Kidney stones

Timothy Y Tseng1, Glenn M Preminger

  • 1University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|November 15, 2011
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This systematic review evaluates interventions for kidney and ureteric stones. It found 21 studies on treatments like NSAIDs, ureteroscopy, and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for stone removal and renal colic management.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Kidney stone disease affects all age groups, with peak incidence between 20-40 years.
  • The male to female ratio for stone disease is 3:2.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review interventions for asymptomatic and symptomatic kidney stones.
  • To evaluate treatments for symptomatic ureteric stones.
  • To assess interventions for managing acute renal colic.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 21 studies including systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies.
  • Searched major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) up to June 2011.
  • Included harms alerts from regulatory agencies (FDA, MHRA).

Main Results:

  • Evaluated the effectiveness and safety of various interventions.
  • Included antispasmodic drugs, NSAIDs, opioids, and intravenous/oral fluids.
  • Covered procedures like extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and ureteroscopy.

Conclusions:

  • Presents information on the effectiveness and safety of reviewed interventions.
  • Provides evidence for managing kidney and ureteric stones.
  • Highlights key treatments for renal colic and stone removal.

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