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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.

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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Published on: July 1, 2014

Functional brain connectivity at rest changes after working memory training.

Dietsje D Jolles1, Mark A van Buchem, Eveline A Crone

  • 1Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. d.d.jolles@lumc.nl

Human Brain Mapping
|November 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Six weeks of working memory training enhanced functional connectivity in young adults' frontoparietal network. These brain changes correlated with performance improvements, but were not observed in children, suggesting age-dependent effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Functional brain connectivity is largely consistent across individuals.
  • Previous experience and task instructions can modify functional connectivity.
  • Investigating experience-dependent changes in brain networks is crucial for understanding neuroplasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if working memory task practice alters functional connectivity during rest.
  • To examine changes in the frontoparietal network and default mode network.
  • To explore age-dependent differences in practice-related functional connectivity changes.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent 6 weeks of working memory task practice.
  • Functional connectivity was assessed using resting-state fMRI before and after practice.
  • Seed regions included the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC).

Main Results:

  • Young adults showed increased connectivity in the frontoparietal network (e.g., right MFG to superior frontal gyrus).
  • Reduced connectivity was observed between the medial PFC and the right posterior middle temporal gyrus.
  • Performance gains positively correlated with frontoparietal connectivity changes and negatively with default network changes.
  • No significant practice effects were found in a pilot group of 12-year-old children.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory training induces experience-dependent changes in functional brain connectivity in young adults.
  • These connectivity changes are linked to task performance improvements.
  • Practice-related functional connectivity modifications appear to be age-dependent, warranting further investigation.