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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

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Updated: May 27, 2026

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

Tuberculous osteomyelitis and spondylodiscitis.

Sumer N Shikhare1, Dinesh R Singh, Trishna R Shimpi

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Alexandra Health, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
|November 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) affects bones and joints, often presenting subtly. Early radiologic diagnosis using various imaging techniques is crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes.

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A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
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Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
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A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
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A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern, causing significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Musculoskeletal TB, though less common than other forms, presents diagnostic challenges due to indolent clinical features and drug resistance.
  • Tuberculous spondylitis is the most frequent type of musculoskeletal TB, followed by involvement of large joints, long bones, and the skull.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse radiologic features of osseous tuberculosis.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of various imaging modalities for musculoskeletal TB.
  • To discuss imaging differentials, including infections and malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of radiologic features of osseous TB.
  • Assessment of conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone scintigraphy.
  • Comparison of imaging findings with clinical data and histopathology.

Main Results:

  • Conventional radiography is valuable for diagnosing musculoskeletal TB.
  • CT, MRI, and bone scintigraphy aid in early detection and assessing disease extent, including soft tissue involvement.
  • Imaging findings can mimic other infectious and neoplastic processes.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate radiological diagnosis of musculoskeletal TB is vital.
  • Prompt diagnosis improves cure rates and reduces complications.
  • Multimodality imaging is essential for comprehensive evaluation and management of osseous TB.