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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

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Related Experiment Videos

Tuberculosis arthritis and tenosynovitis.

Nuttaya Pattamapaspong1, Malai Muttarak, Chate Sivasomboon

  • 1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. nuttaya@gmail.com

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
|November 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is increasing, particularly in the musculoskeletal system. Early diagnosis of joint and tendon TB is challenging but crucial for preventing severe damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Rising incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) linked to immunosuppression.
  • Musculoskeletal TB comprises 25% of extrapulmonary cases, predominantly affecting the spine.
  • Peripheral joint and tendon TB are rare but can lead to severe destruction and spread if untreated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges of musculoskeletal TB.
  • To identify suggestive imaging features for early diagnosis of joint and tendon TB.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing these features for timely management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and imaging findings in musculoskeletal TB.
  • Analysis of characteristic radiological signs.
  • Correlation of imaging features with confirmed TB diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis of joint and tendon TB is difficult due to nonspecific clinical and imaging findings.
  • Less than 50% of patients present with concurrent active pulmonary TB.
  • Suggestive imaging findings include preserved joint space, juxta-articular osteoporosis, cold abscesses, soft tissue calcification, and rice bodies.

Conclusions:

  • Familiarity with specific imaging features aids in the early diagnosis of joint and tendon TB.
  • Early diagnosis is essential for effective management and prevention of complications.
  • Imaging plays a critical role in diagnosing TB in joints and tendons, even with negative systemic tests.