Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
Measures of Intelligence01:29

Measures of Intelligence

Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this; it...
Biological Influences on Intelligence01:30

Biological Influences on Intelligence

Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter more...
Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence01:23

Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale...
Cattell's 16 Personality Factors01:24

Cattell's 16 Personality Factors

Raymond Cattell's trait theory offers a structured framework for understanding personality by distinguishing between two critical traits: surface and source traits. Surface traits are observable patterns of behavior, such as indecisiveness, anxiety, and irrational fears. These traits are less stable, varying across situations and over time. This means that they are less helpful in understanding the deeper aspects of an individual's personality.
In contrast, source traits are the fundamental,...
Personality Theory by Eysenck and Eysenck01:29

Personality Theory by Eysenck and Eysenck

Hans and Sybil Eysenck developed a widely recognized theory of personality, which emphasizes the role of temperament and genetically based differences in shaping individual traits. Their theory posits that biological factors primarily determine personality and can be understood through two main dimensions: extroversion/introversion and neuroticism/stability.
In the extroversion/introversion dimension, highly extroverted people are sociable, outgoing, and easily connect with others. In contrast,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sex Differences in Variability in General Intelligence: A New Look at the Old Question.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2015
Same author

Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations.

Nature·2015
Same author

Improving Phenotypic Prediction by Combining Genetic and Epigenetic Associations.

American journal of human genetics·2015
Same author

A comparison of location of acute symptomatic vs. 'silent' small vessel lesions.

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society·2015
Same author

Rare and low-frequency variants and their association with plasma levels of fibrinogen, FVII, FVIII, and vWF.

Blood·2015
Same author

Coupled changes in brain white matter microstructure and fluid intelligence in later life.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Do personality scale items function differently in people with high and low IQ?

Chakadee Waiyavutti1, Wendy Johnson, Ian J Deary

  • 1Mahidol Wittayanusorn School, Nakorn-Pathom, Thailand. chakadeew@hotmail.com

Psychological Assessment
|November 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive ability differences do not bias personality assessments. Personality items in the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) demonstrated measurement invariance, confirming score differences reflect true personality traits.

More Related Videos

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Intelligence differences may influence personality trait perception.
  • Previous research has not clearly differentiated between true personality differences and those arising from cognitive interpretation.
  • Measurement invariance is crucial for validating personality scale score differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test measurement invariance of the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) scales.
  • To determine if cognitive ability differences affect personality item interpretation.
  • To validate personality score differences between individuals with varying cognitive abilities.

Main Methods:

  • Item response theory (IRT) was employed.
  • Measurement invariance was assessed across two groups (low and high cognitive ability) from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.
  • The five-factor model scales of the IPIP and NEO-FFI were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The IPIP and NEO-FFI items demonstrated measurement invariance across all five personality scales.
  • No significant bias was found in personality item interpretation related to cognitive ability.
  • The study confirmed that score differences reflect genuine personality trait variations.

Conclusions:

  • Personality scales (IPIP and NEO-FFI) are valid across different cognitive ability levels.
  • Differences in cognitive abilities do not confound personality trait measurements.
  • Findings support the use of these scales for accurately assessing personality traits in diverse populations.