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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Evaluation of the Curing of Adhesive Systems by Rheological and Thermal Testing

Evaluation of the Curing of Adhesive Systems by Rheological and Thermal Testing

Published on: July 3, 2020

Comparison between two methods to evaluate temperature changes produced by composite light curing units and

F H F Loureiro¹, S Consani, R D Guiraldo

¹Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.

Minerva Stomatologica

|November 16, 2011

Summary

The indirect method for measuring pulp chamber temperature change during composite resin light curing showed higher increases than the direct method. Higher energy density from light curing units and polymerization techniques significantly increased temperature.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

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Shrinkage of Dental Composite in Simulated Cavity Measured with Digital Image Correlation

Shrinkage of Dental Composite in Simulated Cavity Measured with Digital Image Correlation

Published on: July 21, 2014

Area of Science:

Dental materials science
Biomaterials engineering
Polymerization techniques

Background:

Pulp chamber temperature increase during light curing of composite resin is a clinical concern.
Direct and indirect methods are used to evaluate temperature changes.
Different light curing units and modulation techniques may influence temperature rise.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the temperature change in the pulp chamber during composite resin light curing.
To compare direct (bovine tooth) and indirect (matrix) methods for temperature assessment.
To analyze the effect of different photo-activation units and modulations on temperature increase.

Main Methods:

Standardized cavities in bovine incisors (direct) and dentin slices in elastomer molds (indirect) were used.
Composite resin was photo-activated using quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH), light-emitting diode (LED), and plasma arc-curing (PAC) units.
Temperature changes were recorded using a digital thermometer and type-K thermocouple under controlled environmental conditions (37°C).

Main Results:

The indirect method recorded a statistically significant higher temperature increase (2.56°C) compared to the direct method (1.17°C).
Plasma arc-curing (PAC) resulted in a higher temperature increase (1.77°C) in the direct method compared to other photo-activation modes.
Higher energy density from light curing units and polymerization techniques correlated with increased temperature.

Conclusions:

The indirect method is more sensitive in detecting temperature increases during light curing.
Light curing unit type, modulation technique, and energy density significantly influence the temperature rise in the pulp chamber.
Understanding these factors is crucial for minimizing potential pulpal damage during dental restorations.