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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Arteries of Lower Limbs01:20

Arteries of Lower Limbs

The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular artery,...
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
14:52

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Published on: December 11, 2013

Arterial stiffness in lower limb amputees.

Pedro Magalhães1, Daniel P Capingana, Amílcar B T Silva

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola.

Clinical Medicine Insights. Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine
|November 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Lower limb amputees exhibit higher pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness. This finding suggests PWV assessment could aid cardiovascular risk stratification in this population.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnesscardiovascular riskhypertensionlower limb amputees

More Related Videos

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
14:52

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Published on: December 11, 2013

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • High carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • PWV has not been previously studied in amputee populations.
  • Arterial stiffness is a critical indicator of cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare PWV in lower limb amputees versus nonamputees.
  • To determine if amputation status influences arterial stiffness.
  • To establish baseline PWV data for amputee cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design involving 60 male lower limb amputees and 86 age-matched male nonamputees.
  • Noninvasive PWV measurement using the Complior® device.
  • Multivariate regression analysis to control for potential confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • Lower limb amputees demonstrated significantly higher PWV (10.8 ± 1.9 m/sec) compared to nonamputees (9.9 ± 1.8 m/sec, P = 0.008).
  • The elevated PWV in amputees persisted after adjusting for confounders.
  • Arterial stiffness is demonstrably increased in individuals with lower limb amputation.

Conclusions:

  • Lower limb amputees exhibit increased arterial stiffness, as indicated by higher PWV.
  • Routine PWV assessment may enhance cardiovascular risk stratification in amputees.
  • Further research into the long-term cardiovascular implications for amputees is warranted.