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Related Experiment Videos

Blood flow in microvascular networks. Experiments and simulation.

A R Pries1, T W Secomb, P Gaehtgens

  • 1Department of Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, FRG.

Circulation Research
|October 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

A new model simulates blood flow in microcirculation, accounting for viscosity and cell distribution. While individual vessel predictions have uncertainty, overall network hemodynamics are simulated precisely, explaining low capillary hematocrits.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Microcirculatory networks are crucial for tissue oxygenation and nutrient delivery.
  • Understanding blood flow dynamics in these networks is complex due to unique physiological effects.
  • Existing models often simplify or omit key factors like hematocrit and viscosity variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a theoretical model for simulating blood flow in large microcirculatory networks.
  • To incorporate the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect, Fahraeus effect, and phase separation into the model.
  • To compare model predictions with experimental data from rat mesenteric microvascular networks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a theoretical model integrating blood viscosity dependence on vessel diameter and hematocrit.

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  • Incorporated the reduction of intravascular hematocrit (Fahraeus effect) and cell distribution at bifurcations (phase separation).
  • Simulated blood flow in three rat mesenteric microvascular networks using experimental topological and dimensional data.

    • Main Results:

    • Model predictions for individual vessel segments showed high uncertainty (R-squared 0.15-0.33 for hematocrit).
    • Simulations of integrated network hemodynamics, like mean hematocrit and flow velocity distribution, were highly precise.
    • Model successfully explained low and heterogeneous capillary hematocrits in mesenteric networks.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed model accurately simulates overall network hemodynamics despite individual segment uncertainties.
    • Fahraeus effect and phase separation are key to understanding low and heterogeneous capillary hematocrits.
    • Blood apparent viscosity in microvessels <15 microns is higher than predicted by glass tube models.