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Quantitative tract-specific measures of uncinate and cingulum in major depression using diffusion tensor imaging.

Aifeng Zhang1, Alex Leow, Olusola Ajilore

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. azhang@psych.uic.edu

Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to white matter abnormalities in the uncinate fasciculus (UF). Depression severity correlates with reduced fibers in the right UF, impacting brain connectivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) involves brain regions like the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus.
  • White matter microstructural integrity connecting these regions in MDD remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate white matter abnormalities in the uncinate fasciculus (UF) and cingulum bundle (CB) in individuals with MDD.
  • To test the hypothesis of altered microstructural properties in UF and CB fibers in MDD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography was used to analyze quantitative tract-specific measures.
  • Examined diffusivity (fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity) and geometric properties of UF and CB.
  • 21 MDD subjects and 21 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited.

Main Results:

  • MDD patients showed significantly decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased radial diffusivity in the right UF compared to HC.
  • No significant changes in geometric characteristics of the UF were found.
  • Depression severity negatively correlated with normalized number of fibers (NNF) in the right UF (r=-0.53, p=0.02).
  • Age and laterality effects on CB FA were observed in HC and both groups, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals novel white matter microstructural abnormalities in the right UF in MDD.
  • Reduced NNF in the right UF is associated with depression severity in MDD patients.
  • Findings suggest implications for MDD pathophysiology and clinical presentation.