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Related Concept Videos

Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents01:11

Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents

When more than one substituent is present on the benzene ring, the IUPAC nomenclature depends on the number of substituents present.
For disubstituted benzene derivatives, with two groups attached to the benzene ring, three constitutional isomers are possible. For example, consider dimethyl benzene, often called xylene, where the second methyl group can be substituted at the second, third, or fourth carbon. The relative position of the substituents is represented by prefixes ortho, meta, or...
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Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...
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NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism01:18

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Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
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The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.

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(E)-2-(4-Chloro-benzyl-idene)indan-1-one.

Mohamed Ashraf Ali, Tan Soo Choon, Lim Yee Lan

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |November 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the crystal structure of a chlorinated organic compound, C(16)H(11)ClO. Molecular analysis reveals a near-planar dihydro-indene system with a slight twist from the chloro-benzene ring, forming layered crystal structures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties.
    • Chlorinated organic compounds exhibit diverse applications, necessitating detailed structural characterization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(16)H(11)ClO.
    • To analyze the molecular geometry, including dihedral angles and planarity.
    • To investigate intermolecular interactions and their role in crystal packing.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles was performed.
    • Intermolecular interactions, such as C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, were identified.

    Main Results:

    • The dihydro-indene ring system is nearly planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.009 Å).
    • The dihedral angle between the dihydro-indene and chloro-benzene rings is 3.51(14)°.
    • Molecules self-assemble into infinite layers parallel to the (101) plane via C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of C(16)H(11)ClO is characterized by a slight twist between its fused ring systems.
    • Weak intermolecular interactions dictate the formation of layered supramolecular architecture.
    • The findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in chlorinated organic compounds.