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Birth control and regional differentials in the Soviet Union
Population Studies
|November 19, 2011
Summary
Fertility in the Soviet Union varied by region. In areas with widespread birth control, women's education strongly influenced fertility rates, while in other regions, marriage rates and social position were key factors.
Area of Science:
- Demography
- Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- Fertility patterns in the Soviet Union were geographically diverse.
- Understanding regional variations in fertility is crucial for demographic analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the factors influencing fertility across different regions of the Soviet Union.
- To differentiate the impact of social and demographic factors on fertility based on birth control prevalence.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 1959 USSR Census of Population.
- Analyzed social and demographic characteristics for over 150 administrative areas.
- Compared fertility determinants in birth control vs. non-birth control regions.
Main Results:
- In non-birth control regions (Central Asia, Azerbaidjan, Armenia), fertility depended on marriage rates and the educational gap between genders.
- In birth control regions, women's educational achievement was strongly linked to the child-woman ratio in urban areas.
- Economic dependency of women did not directly correlate with fertility, except in some rural areas within birth control regions.
Conclusions:
- Regional differences in birth control practices significantly alter the primary drivers of fertility.
- Women's education emerges as a key factor in fertility, particularly in urban settings with established birth control.
- The study challenges the direct link between female economic dependency and fertility rates in most Soviet contexts.
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