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Related Concept Videos

DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...

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Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
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Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

Pathogen detection using engineered bacteriophages.

Abby E Smartt1, Tingting Xu, Patricia Jegier

  • 1The University of Tennessee Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|November 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteriophages (phages), bacterial viruses, are increasingly used in new technologies for detecting foodborne and clinical pathogens. Their host specificity makes them valuable biological sensors for pathogen identification and monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria, exhibiting diverse host ranges.
  • Historically, phages have been used for pathogen identification, with renewed interest in modern applications.
  • Phage applications are advancing due to integration with novel detection and monitoring technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of phage-based biodetection strategies.
  • To highlight the role of phages as interfaces in pathogen detection systems.
  • To inventory current phage-based biodetection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on phage applications in biodetection.
  • Analysis of biotechnological and genetic engineering strategies applied to phages.
  • Examination of natural, unmodified phages used with innovative detector platforms.

Main Results:

  • Phages can be effectively utilized for targeting specific bacterial pathogens.
  • Novel detection technologies leverage phages for identifying foodborne, waterborne, and clinical pathogens.
  • Both natural and engineered phages are applicable in advanced biodetection systems.

Conclusions:

  • Phages serve as crucial interfaces for pathogen biodetection.
  • Phage-based strategies offer versatile solutions for microbial identification and monitoring.
  • The integration of phages into detector platforms represents a significant advancement in biodetection technology.