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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

Multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.

¹Department of Hematology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera de Canyet, s/n. 08916 Badalona, Spain. aoriol@inconcologia.net

Advances in Therapy

|November 23, 2011

Summary

Plasmacytomas, tumors of atypical plasma cells, can occur with multiple myeloma. Extramedullary plasmacytomas are linked to worse outcomes, and effective treatments are still being researched.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology

Background:

Plasmacytoma is a tumor of atypical plasma cells.
Extramedullary plasmacytomas occur in 7-17% of multiple myeloma diagnoses and 6-20% during the disease course.
Extramedullary disease presence is linked to a poorer multiple myeloma prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the incidence and prognostic significance of extramedullary plasmacytomas in multiple myeloma.
To discuss treatment strategies for extramedullary relapse.
To highlight the lack of efficacy data from controlled studies for extramedullary relapse treatments.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma.
Analysis of incidence rates and prognostic impact of extramedullary disease.

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Summary of current treatment approaches for extramedullary relapse.

Main Results:

Extramedullary plasmacytomas are associated with a poorer prognosis in multiple myeloma.
Treatments like alkylating agents, bortezomib, immunomodulatory drugs, and corticoids are used.
No efficacy data from controlled studies exist for treating extramedullary relapse due to its low frequency.

Conclusions:

Extramedullary relapse in multiple myeloma necessitates individualized treatment.
Further research is needed to establish effective, evidence-based treatments for extramedullary plasmacytomas.