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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C (97–99°F), remaining relatively stable...
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's forehead...

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A Computational Modeling Approach to Investigate the Influence of Hyperthermia on the Tumor Microenvironment
10:23

A Computational Modeling Approach to Investigate the Influence of Hyperthermia on the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: December 1, 2023

Thermal sensation: a mathematical model based on neurophysiology.

B R M Kingma1, L Schellen, A J H Frijns

  • 1Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism of Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. b.kingma@maastrichtuniversity.nl

Indoor Air
|November 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a neurophysiological model to predict human thermal sensation, improving thermal comfort assessments in buildings. The model accurately captures dynamic thermal responses using skin and core temperature data.

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A Protocol of Manual Tests to Measure Sensation and Pain in Humans
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A Protocol of Manual Tests to Measure Sensation and Pain in Humans

Published on: December 19, 2016

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07:28

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Published on: December 19, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Building Performance and Environmental Science
  • Human Physiology and Neuroscience

Background:

  • Thermal comfort is crucial for building performance, but human thermal sensation is complex.
  • Direct temperature sensing is inaccurate; neural discharge rates encode thermal information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical model of thermal sensation based on neurophysiology.
  • To validate the model's predictive accuracy using experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a neurophysiological model of thermal sensation.
  • Used experimental data measuring skin/core temperatures and ASHRAE thermal sensation votes.
  • Validated the model with young adult males under transient temperature conditions.

Main Results:

  • The neurophysiological model significantly predicted thermal sensation (r2=0.89, P<0.001) using warm-sensitive skin and core thermoreceptor data.
  • Model validation showed predictions within an acceptable range (RMS residual=0.38).
  • The model successfully captured the dynamics of thermal sensation.

Conclusions:

  • The neurophysiological model accurately predicts thermal sensation in transient environments.
  • This model can significantly benefit the design of high-performance buildings.