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The speed-accuracy tradeoff in the elderly brain: a structural model-based approach.

Birte U Forstmann1, Marc Tittgemeyer, Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

  • 1Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, 1018 TV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. buforstmann@gmail.com

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|November 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Older adults respond slower due to brain connectivity changes, not just caution. Reduced white matter integrity in corticostriatal tracts may limit their ability to adopt faster response strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Aging
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Older adults exhibit age-related slowing in cognitive tasks.
  • This slowing is partly attributed to a reluctance to make errors, leading to more information accumulation before decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuroanatomical and neurocognitive factors underlying age-related slowing in perceptual decision-making.
  • To examine how age influences the speed-accuracy tradeoff under different response cues.

Main Methods:

  • A perceptual decision-making task with speed and accuracy cues for young and old participants.
  • Mathematical modeling of behavioral data to analyze response thresholds.
  • Diffusion-weighted imaging to assess white matter integrity in corticostriatal tracts.

Main Results:

  • Younger participants showed greater threshold reductions when cued for speed compared to older adults.
  • Older participants' cautious threshold settings correlated with reduced white matter integrity in corticostriatal tracts.
  • Findings align with the striatal account of the speed-accuracy tradeoff.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related slowing in adopting fast speed-accuracy tradeoff settings may stem from structural brain limitations, specifically reduced white matter integrity.
  • Decrements in brain connectivity, particularly in corticostriatal pathways, may underlie older adults' cautious response strategies.