Biosensor technology in aging research and age-related diseases

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Biotechnology
• Biosensor Technology

Background:

• Cell- and tissue-based biosensors utilize genetically engineered proteins within cells (ex vivo) or tissues (in vivo).
• These biosensors enable continuous, noninvasive sensing of various analytes like hormones, drugs, and toxins.
• Biophotonics and other physical principles are employed for signal detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current state of cell- and tissue-based biosensor technology.
• To discuss the potential value and applications of these biosensors in aging research.
• To identify challenges for the clinical translation of biosensor technology in humans.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on cell- and tissue-based biosensors.
• Discussion of technological principles, including biophotonics.
• Analysis of specific examples of developed biosensors.

Main Results:

• Recent biosensor developments include detection of cytokines (e.g., TNFα) and drugs targeting pathways like mTOR.
• Biosensors can potentially be used throughout an experimental animal's lifespan.
• The technology holds promise for continuous health monitoring.

Conclusions:

• Cell- and tissue-based biosensors represent a significant advancement in biological monitoring.
• Their application in aging research could provide valuable insights into age-related changes.
• Overcoming current hurdles is crucial for human application in late-life health and disease management.