Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in an anophthalmic socket 60 years after enucleation

Ocular surface squamous cell neoplasia in an anophthalmic socket is an exceptionally rare occurrence. We report a 62-year-old white man who had his left eye enucleated at age 2 and developed an invasive squamous cell carcinoma 60 years later. He received multiple treatments, including excisional biopsy, topical mitomycin C chemotherapy, cryotherapy, and finally exenteration. We review the literature to evaluate the clinical characteristics, time of onset following enucleation, treatment, and outcome of previously reported cases. Our case emphasizes the importance of a thorough examination of the anophthalmic socket, including upper and lower lid eversion.