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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Published on: September 5, 2019

Integrated photonic quantum gates for polarization qubits.

Andrea Crespi1, Roberta Ramponi, Roberto Osellame

  • 1Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy.

Nature Communications
|December 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed the first integrated photonic controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate for quantum computing. This breakthrough utilizes femtosecond laser-written waveguides for manipulating polarization-encoded qubits on a chip, advancing quantum optical circuits.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Integrated Photonics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Integrated photonic devices offer potential for quantum mechanics tests and technological applications.
  • A key missing component for quantum optical circuits is technology for handling polarization-encoded qubits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the first integrated photonic controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate for polarization-encoded qubits.
  • To enable manipulation of quantum states of light on a chip for quantum information processing.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of partially polarizing beam splitters on a glass chip using femtosecond laser waveguide writing.
  • Characterization of the quantum gate's logical truth table and fidelity.
  • Quantum process tomography for complete device characterization.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of the first integrated photonic CNOT gate for polarization-encoded qubits with high fidelity.
  • The gate successfully transforms separable quantum states into entangled states and vice versa.
  • Full accessibility of the device allowed for comprehensive quantum process tomography.

Conclusions:

  • The developed integrated photonic CNOT gate is a significant advancement for quantum optical circuits.
  • This technology paves the way for novel quantum applications and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics.
  • The high fidelity and versatility of the gate highlight its potential in quantum information processing.