Targeting the oncogene eIF4E in cancer: From the bench to clinical trials

Katherine Lb Borden1

  • 1Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancerand the Dept. of Pathology and Cell Biology,Université de Montréal, QC,Canada. katherine.borden@umontreal.ca

Insights

Targeting the eukaryotic translation initiation factor, eIF4E, a protein overexpressed in cancers like acute myeloid leukemia, shows promise. Ribavirin directly targets eIF4E, with early trials and resistance factors discussed.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Specific oncogene targeting is a key strategy in cancer therapeutics.
  • Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is overexpressed in numerous cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia.
  • eIF4E plays a significant role in oncogenic transformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the role of eIF4E in cancer development.
  • To explore the development of ribavirin as a direct inhibitor of eIF4E activity.
  • To review early-stage clinical trial results and factors contributing to clinical resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on eIF4E function in cancer.
  • Analysis of ribavirin's mechanism of action against eIF4E.
  • Examination of clinical trial data and resistance mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • eIF4E overexpression is linked to oncogenesis.
  • Ribavirin demonstrates potential as a direct eIF4E inhibitor.
  • Early clinical trials provide insights into efficacy and resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting eIF4E with agents like ribavirin is a viable therapeutic strategy.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for optimizing eIF4E-targeted therapies.
  • Further research is warranted to improve clinical outcomes in eIF4E-overexpressing cancers.

Related Concept Videos

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...