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Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Mobility, balance and falls in persons with multiple sclerosis.

Jacob J Sosnoff1, Michael J Socie, Morgan K Boes

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Movement Science

Background:

  • Limited understanding of objective gait and balance measures related to fall history in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Need to investigate the association between demographic, clinical, mobility, and balance metrics and falls in persons with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the relationship between objective measures of gait and balance and fall history in persons with MS.
  • To identify key factors associated with falls in this population.

Main Methods:

  • 52 ambulatory persons with MS (PwMS) provided demographic data, including 12-month fall history.
  • Disease severity assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).
  • Mobility and postural control evaluated using a multidimensional battery measuring walking speed, coordination, endurance, and sway.

Main Results:

  • More than 51% of PwMS reported falls in the previous year, with 79% experiencing recurrent falls.
  • Fallers were older, used assistive devices more frequently, had higher disability (EDSS), reduced walking endurance, and increased postural sway with eyes closed.
  • Fallers showed greater impairment in cerebellar, sensory, pyramidal, and bladder/bowel subscales of the EDSS.

Conclusions:

  • Older age, increased disability, assistive device use, decreased walking coordination/endurance, and diminished balance are associated with falls in PwMS.
  • Individuals exhibiting these characteristics warrant close monitoring for fall risk.
  • Further research is needed to develop predictive models for falls in PwMS and establish the efficacy of fall prevention interventions.